Programmable graphene nanobubbles with three-fold symmetric pseudo-magnetic fields

Pengfei Jia, Wenjing Chen, Jiabin Qiao, Miao Zhang, Xiaohu Zheng, Zhongying Xue, Rongda Liang, Chuanshan Tian, Lin He (), Zengfeng Di () and Xi Wang
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Pengfei Jia: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenjing Chen: Beijing Normal University
Jiabin Qiao: Beijing Normal University
Miao Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaohu Zheng: Peking University
Zhongying Xue: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Rongda Liang: Fudan University
Chuanshan Tian: Fudan University
Lin He: Beijing Normal University
Zengfeng Di: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xi Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Graphene nanobubbles (GNBs) have attracted much attention due to the ability to generate large pseudo-magnetic fields unattainable by ordinary laboratory magnets. However, GNBs are always randomly produced by the reported protocols, therefore, their size and location are difficult to manipulate, which restricts their potential applications. Here, using the functional atomic force microscopy (AFM), we demonstrate the ability to form programmable GNBs. The precision of AFM facilitates the location definition of GNBs, and their size and shape are tuned by the stimulus bias of AFM tip. With tuning the tip voltage, the bubble contour can gradually transit from parabolic to Gaussian profile. Moreover, the unique three-fold symmetric pseudo-magnetic field pattern with monotonous regularity, which is only theoretically predicted previously, is directly observed in the GNB with an approximately parabolic profile. Our study may provide an opportunity to study high magnetic field regimes with the designed periodicity in two dimensional materials.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11038-7

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