Ca2+-regulated Ca2+ channels with an RCK gating ring control plant symbiotic associations

Sunghoon Kim, Weizhong Zeng, Shane Bernard, Jun Liao, Muthusubramanian Venkateshwaran, Jean-Michel Ane and Youxing Jiang ()
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Sunghoon Kim: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Weizhong Zeng: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Shane Bernard: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Jun Liao: ShanghaiTech University
Muthusubramanian Venkateshwaran: University of Wisconsin-Platteville
Jean-Michel Ane: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Youxing Jiang: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract A family of plant nuclear ion channels, including DMI1 (Does not Make Infections 1) and its homologs CASTOR and POLLUX, are required for the establishment of legume-microbe symbioses by generating nuclear and perinuclear Ca2+ spiking. Here we show that CASTOR from Lotus japonicus is a highly selective Ca2+ channel whose activation requires cytosolic/nucleosolic Ca2+, contrary to the previous suggestion of it being a K+ channel. Structurally, the cytosolic/nucleosolic ligand-binding soluble region of CASTOR contains two tandem RCK (Regulator of Conductance for K+) domains, and four subunits assemble into the gating ring architecture, similar to that of large conductance, Ca2+-gated K+ (BK) channels despite the lack of sequence similarity. Multiple ion binding sites are clustered at two locations within each subunit, and three of them are identified to be Ca2+ sites. Our in vitro and in vivo assays also demonstrate the importance of these gating-ring Ca2+ binding sites to the physiological function of CASTOR as well as DMI1.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11698-5

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