Development of a SFTSV DNA vaccine that confers complete protection against lethal infection in ferrets

Jeong-Eun Kwak, Young-Il Kim, Su-Jin Park, Min-Ah Yu, Hyeok-Il Kwon, Sukyeong Eo, Tae-Shin Kim, Joon Seok, Won-Suk Choi, Ju Hwan Jeong, Hyojin Lee, Youngran Cho, Jin Ah Kwon, Moonsup Jeong, Joel N. Maslow, Yong-Eun Kim, Haili Jeon, Kee K. Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin, Min-Suk Song, Jae U. Jung, Young Ki Choi () and Su-Hyung Park ()
Additional contact information
Jeong-Eun Kwak: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Young-Il Kim: Chungbuk National University
Su-Jin Park: Chungbuk National University
Min-Ah Yu: Chungbuk National University
Hyeok-Il Kwon: Chungbuk National University
Sukyeong Eo: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Tae-Shin Kim: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Joon Seok: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Won-Suk Choi: Chungbuk National University
Ju Hwan Jeong: Chungbuk National University
Hyojin Lee: GeneOne Life Science, Inc.
Youngran Cho: GeneOne Life Science, Inc.
Jin Ah Kwon: GeneOne Life Science, Inc.
Moonsup Jeong: GeneOne Life Science, Inc.
Joel N. Maslow: GeneOne Life Science, Inc.
Yong-Eun Kim: Chungnam National University
Haili Jeon: Chungnam National University
Kee K. Kim: Chungnam National University
Eui-Cheol Shin: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Min-Suk Song: Chungbuk National University
Jae U. Jung: University of Southern California
Young Ki Choi: Chungbuk National University
Su-Hyung Park: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Although the incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection has increased from its discovery with a mortality rate of 10–20%, no effective vaccines are currently available. Here we describe the development of a SFTSV DNA vaccine, its immunogenicity, and its protective efficacy. Vaccine candidates induce both a neutralizing antibody response and multifunctional SFTSV-specific T cell response in mice and ferrets. When the vaccine efficacy is investigated in aged-ferrets that recapitulate fatal clinical symptoms, vaccinated ferrets are completely protected from lethal SFTSV challenge without developing any clinical signs. A serum transfer study reveals that anti-envelope antibodies play an important role in protective immunity. Our results suggest that Gn/Gc may be the most effective antigens for inducing protective immunity and non-envelope-specific T cell responses also can contribute to protection against SFTSV infection. This study provides important insights into the development of an effective vaccine, as well as corresponding immune parameters, to control SFTSV infection.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11815-4

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