Cross-linked beta alumina nanowires with compact gel polymer electrolyte coating for ultra-stable sodium metal battery

Danni Lei, Yan-Bing He (), Huijuan Huang, Yifei Yuan, Guiming Zhong, Qiang Zhao, Xiaoge Hao, Danfeng Zhang, Chen Lai, Siwei Zhang, Jiabin Ma, Yinping Wei, Qipeng Yu, Wei Lv, Yan Yu (), Baohua Li, Quan-Hong Yang, Yong Yang, Jun Lu () and Feiyu Kang ()
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Danni Lei: Tsinghua University
Yan-Bing He: Tsinghua University
Huijuan Huang: University of Science and Technology of China
Yifei Yuan: Argonne National Laboratory
Guiming Zhong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qiang Zhao: Tsinghua University
Xiaoge Hao: Tsinghua University
Danfeng Zhang: Tsinghua University
Chen Lai: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Siwei Zhang: Tsinghua University
Jiabin Ma: Tsinghua University
Yinping Wei: Tsinghua University
Qipeng Yu: Tsinghua University
Wei Lv: Tsinghua University
Yan Yu: University of Science and Technology of China
Baohua Li: Tsinghua University
Quan-Hong Yang: Tianjin University
Yong Yang: Xiamen University
Jun Lu: Argonne National Laboratory
Feiyu Kang: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Sodium metal batteries have potentially high energy densities, but severe sodium-dendrite growth and side reactions prevent their practical applications, especially at high temperatures. Herein, we design an inorganic ionic conductor/gel polymer electrolyte composite, where uniformly cross-linked beta alumina nanowires are compactly coated by a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)-based gel polymer electrolyte through their strong molecular interactions. These beta alumina nanowires combined with the gel polymer layer create dense and homogeneous solid-liquid hybrid sodium-ion transportation channels through and along the nanowires, which promote uniform sodium deposition and formation of a stable and flat solid electrolyte interface on the sodium metal anode. Side reactions between the sodium metal and liquid electrolyte, as well as sodium dendrite formation, are successfully suppressed, especially at 60 °C. The sodium vanadium phosphate/sodium full cells with composite electrolyte exhibit 95.3% and 78.8% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1 C at 25 °C and 60 °C, respectively.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11960-w

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