Soybean antiviral immunity conferred by dsRNase targets the viral replication complex

Kazuhiro Ishibashi, Masayasu Saruta, Takehiko Shimizu, Miao Shu, Toyoaki Anai, Kunihiko Komatsu, Naohiro Yamada, Yuichi Katayose, Masayuki Ishikawa, Masao Ishimoto and Akito Kaga ()
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Kazuhiro Ishibashi: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Masayasu Saruta: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Takehiko Shimizu: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Miao Shu: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Toyoaki Anai: Saga University
Kunihiko Komatsu: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Naohiro Yamada: Nagano Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Experiment Station
Yuichi Katayose: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Masayuki Ishikawa: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Masao Ishimoto: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
Akito Kaga: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Eukaryotic positive-strand RNA viruses replicate their genomes in membranous compartments formed in a host cell, which sequesters the dsRNA replication intermediate from antiviral immune surveillance. Here, we find that soybean has developed a way to overcome this sequestration. We report the positional cloning of the broad-spectrum soybean mosaic virus resistance gene Rsv4, which encodes an RNase H family protein with dsRNA-degrading activity. An active-site mutant of Rsv4 is incapable of inhibiting virus multiplication and is associated with an active viral RNA polymerase complex in infected cells. These results suggest that Rsv4 enters the viral replication compartment and degrades viral dsRNA. Inspired by this model, we design three plant-gene-derived dsRNases that can inhibit the multiplication of the respective target viruses. These findings suggest a method for developing crops resistant to any target positive-strand RNA virus by fusion of endogenous host genes.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12052-5

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