MHC matching fails to prevent long-term rejection of iPSC-derived neurons in non-human primates

Romina Aron Badin, Aurore Bugi, Susannah Williams, Marta Vadori, Marie Michael, Caroline Jan, Alberto Nassi, Sophie Lecourtois, Antoine Blancher, Emanuele Cozzi, Philippe Hantraye and Anselme L. Perrier ()
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Romina Aron Badin: CEA, DRF, Institute of Biology François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen)
Aurore Bugi: CECS, I-STEM, AFM
Susannah Williams: CEA, DRF, Institute of Biology François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen)
Marta Vadori: CORIT, Ospedale Giustinianeo, Padova, ITALY
Marie Michael: CECS, I-STEM, AFM
Caroline Jan: CEA, DRF, Institute of Biology François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen)
Alberto Nassi: Padua University Hospital
Sophie Lecourtois: CEA, DRF, Institute of Biology François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen)
Antoine Blancher: Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)
Emanuele Cozzi: CORIT, Ospedale Giustinianeo, Padova, ITALY
Philippe Hantraye: CEA, DRF, Institute of Biology François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen)
Anselme L. Perrier: Inserm U861, I-STEM, AFM

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Cell therapy products (CTP) derived from pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may constitute a renewable, specifically differentiated source of cells to potentially cure patients with neurodegenerative disorders. However, the immunogenicity of CTP remains a major issue for therapeutic approaches based on transplantation of non-autologous stem cell-derived neural grafts. Despite its considerable side-effects, long-term immunosuppression, appears indispensable to mitigate neuro-inflammation and prevent rejection of allogeneic CTP. Matching iPSC donors’ and patients’ HLA haplotypes has been proposed as a way to access CTP with enhanced immunological compatibility, ultimately reducing the need for immunosuppression. In the present work, we challenge this paradigm by grafting autologous, MHC-matched and mis-matched neuronal grafts in a primate model of Huntington’s disease. Unlike previous reports in unlesioned hosts, we show that in the absence of immunosuppression MHC matching alone is insufficient to grant long-term survival of neuronal grafts in the lesioned brain.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12324-0

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