Controlled growth of single-crystalline metal nanowires via thermomigration across a nanoscale junction

Xie De-Gang, Zhi-Yu Nie, Shuhei Shinzato, Yue-Qing Yang, Feng-Xian Liu, Shigenobu Ogata (), Ju Li (), Evan Ma and Zhi-Wei Shan ()
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Xie De-Gang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zhi-Yu Nie: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Shuhei Shinzato: Osaka University
Yue-Qing Yang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Feng-Xian Liu: Tsinghua University
Shigenobu Ogata: Osaka University
Ju Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Evan Ma: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zhi-Wei Shan: Xi’an Jiaotong University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Mass transport driven by temperature gradient is commonly seen in fluids. However, here we demonstrate that when drawing a cold nano-tip off a hot solid substrate, thermomigration can be so rampant that it can be exploited for producing single-crystalline aluminum, copper, silver and tin nanowires. This demonstrates that in nanoscale objects, solids can mimic liquids in rapid morphological changes, by virtue of fast surface diffusion across short distances. During uniform growth, a thin neck-shaped ligament containing a grain boundary (GB) usually forms between the hot and the cold ends, sustaining an extremely high temperature gradient that should have driven even larger mass flux, if not counteracted by the relative sluggishness of plating into the GB and the resulting back stress. This GB-containing ligament is quite robust and can adapt to varying drawing directions and velocities, imparting good controllability to the nanowire growth in a manner akin to Czochralski crystal growth.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12416-x

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