Unique structure and function of viral rhodopsins

Dmitry Bratanov, Kirill Kovalev, Jan-Philipp Machtens, Roman Astashkin, Igor Chizhov, Dmytro Soloviov, Dmytro Volkov, Vitaly Polovinkin, Dmitrii Zabelskii, Thomas Mager, Ivan Gushchin, Tatyana Rokitskaya, Yuri Antonenko, Alexey Alekseev, Vitaly Shevchenko, Natalya Yutin, Riccardo Rosselli, Christian Baeken, Valentin Borshchevskiy, Gleb Bourenkov, Alexander Popov, Taras Balandin, Georg Büldt, Dietmar J. Manstein, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, Christoph Fahlke, Ernst Bamberg, Eugene Koonin and Valentin Gordeliy ()
Additional contact information
Dmitry Bratanov: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Kirill Kovalev: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Jan-Philipp Machtens: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Roman Astashkin: Université Grenoble Alpes-CEA-CNRS
Igor Chizhov: Hannover Medical School
Dmytro Soloviov: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Dmytro Volkov: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Vitaly Polovinkin: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Dmitrii Zabelskii: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Thomas Mager: Max Planck Institute of Biophysics
Ivan Gushchin: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Tatyana Rokitskaya: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Yuri Antonenko: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Alexey Alekseev: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Vitaly Shevchenko: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Natalya Yutin: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Riccardo Rosselli: Universidad Miguel Hernández
Christian Baeken: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Valentin Borshchevskiy: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Gleb Bourenkov: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg unit c/o DESY
Alexander Popov: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
Taras Balandin: Forschungszentrum Jülich
Georg Büldt: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Dietmar J. Manstein: Hannover Medical School
Francisco Rodriguez-Valera: Universidad Miguel Hernández
Christoph Fahlke: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Ernst Bamberg: Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Eugene Koonin: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health
Valentin Gordeliy: Forschungszentrum Jülich

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Recently, two groups of rhodopsin genes were identified in large double-stranded DNA viruses. The structure and function of viral rhodopsins are unknown. We present functional characterization and high-resolution structure of an Organic Lake Phycodnavirus rhodopsin II (OLPVRII) of group 2. It forms a pentamer, with a symmetrical, bottle-like central channel with the narrow vestibule in the cytoplasmic part covered by a ring of 5 arginines, whereas 5 phenylalanines form a hydrophobic barrier in its exit. The proton donor E42 is placed in the helix B. The structure is unique among the known rhodopsins. Structural and functional data and molecular dynamics suggest that OLPVRII might be a light-gated pentameric ion channel analogous to pentameric ligand-gated ion channels, however, future patch clamp experiments should prove this directly. The data shed light on a fundamentally distinct branch of rhodopsins and may contribute to the understanding of virus-host interactions in ecologically important marine protists.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12718-0

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