Solar and wind energy enhances drought resilience and groundwater sustainability

Xiaogang He (), Kairui Feng, Xiaoyuan Li, Amy B. Craft, Yoshihide Wada, Peter Burek, Eric F. Wood and Justin Sheffield ()
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Xiaogang He: Princeton University
Kairui Feng: Princeton University
Xiaoyuan Li: Princeton University
Amy B. Craft: Princeton University
Yoshihide Wada: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Peter Burek: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Eric F. Wood: Princeton University
Justin Sheffield: Princeton University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Water scarcity brings tremendous challenges to achieving sustainable development of water resources, food, and energy security, as these sectors are often in competition, especially during drought. Overcoming these challenges requires balancing trade-offs between sectors and improving resilience to drought impacts. An under-appreciated factor in managing the water-food-energy (WFE) nexus is the increased value of solar and wind energy (SWE). Here we develop a trade-off frontier framework to quantify the water sustainability value of SWE through a case study in California. We identify development pathways that optimize the economic value of water in competition for energy and food production while ensuring sustainable use of groundwater. Our results indicate that in the long term, SWE penetration creates beneficial feedback for the WFE nexus: SWE enhances drought resilience and benefits groundwater sustainability, and in turn, maintaining groundwater at a sustainable level increases the added value of SWE to energy and food production.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12810-5

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