Structural insights of human mitofusin-2 into mitochondrial fusion and CMT2A onset

Yu-Jie Li, Yu-Lu Cao, Jian-Xiong Feng, Yuanbo Qi, Shuxia Meng, Jie-Feng Yang, Ya-Ting Zhong, Sisi Kang, Xiaoxue Chen, Lan Lan, Li Luo, Bing Yu, Shoudeng Chen, David C. Chan, Junjie Hu and Song Gao ()
Additional contact information
Yu-Jie Li: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Yu-Lu Cao: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Jian-Xiong Feng: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Yuanbo Qi: College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
Shuxia Meng: California Institute of Technology
Jie-Feng Yang: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Ya-Ting Zhong: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Sisi Kang: The Fifth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
Xiaoxue Chen: The Fifth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
Lan Lan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Li Luo: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Bing Yu: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
Shoudeng Chen: The Fifth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
David C. Chan: California Institute of Technology
Junjie Hu: College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
Song Gao: Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is a dynamin-like GTPase that plays a central role in regulating mitochondrial fusion and cell metabolism. Mutations in MFN2 cause the neurodegenerative disease Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2A (CMT2A). The molecular basis underlying the physiological and pathological relevance of MFN2 is unclear. Here, we present crystal structures of truncated human MFN2 in different nucleotide-loading states. Unlike other dynamin superfamily members including MFN1, MFN2 forms sustained dimers even after GTP hydrolysis via the GTPase domain (G) interface, which accounts for its high membrane-tethering efficiency. The biochemical discrepancy between human MFN2 and MFN1 largely derives from a primate-only single amino acid variance. MFN2 and MFN1 can form heterodimers via the G interface in a nucleotide-dependent manner. CMT2A-related mutations, mapping to different functional zones of MFN2, lead to changes in GTP hydrolysis and homo/hetero-association ability. Our study provides fundamental insight into how mitofusins mediate mitochondrial fusion and the ways their disruptions cause disease.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12912-0

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