CXCR3 enables recruitment and site-specific bystander activation of memory CD8+ T cells

Nicholas J. Maurice, M. Juliana McElrath, Erica Andersen-Nissen, Nicole Frahm and Martin Prlic ()
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Nicholas J. Maurice: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
M. Juliana McElrath: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Erica Andersen-Nissen: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Nicole Frahm: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Martin Prlic: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Bystander activation of memory T cells occurs in the absence of cognate antigen during infections that elicit strong systemic inflammatory responses, which subsequently affect host immune responses. Here we report that memory T cell bystander activation is not limited to induction by systemic inflammation. We initially observe potential T cell bystander activation in a cohort of human vaccine recipients. Using a mouse model system, we then find that memory CD8+ T cells are specifically recruited to sites with activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in a CXCR3-dependent manner. In addition, CXCR3 is also necessary for T cell clustering around APCs and T cell bystander activation, which temporospatially overlaps with the subsequent antigen-specific T cell response. Our data thus suggest that bystander activation is part of the initial localized immune response, and is mediated by a site-specific recruitment process of memory T cells.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12980-2

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