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Inflammation induced by incomplete radiofrequency ablation accelerates tumor progression and hinders PD-1 immunotherapy

Liangrong Shi, Junjun Wang, Nianhua Ding, Yi Zhang, Yibei Zhu, Shunli Dong, Xiaohui Wang, Changli Peng, Chunhui Zhou, Ledu Zhou, Xiaodong Li, Hongbing Shi, Wei Wu, Xueyin Long, Changping Wu () and Weihua Liao ()
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Liangrong Shi: Central South University
Junjun Wang: Soochow University
Nianhua Ding: Central South University
Yi Zhang: Soochow University
Yibei Zhu: Soochow University
Shunli Dong: Soochow University
Xiaohui Wang: Soochow University
Changli Peng: Central South University
Chunhui Zhou: Central South University
Ledu Zhou: Central South University
Xiaodong Li: Soochow University
Hongbing Shi: Soochow University
Wei Wu: Central South University
Xueyin Long: Central South University
Changping Wu: Soochow University
Weihua Liao: Central South University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) promotes tumor antigen-specific T cell responses and enhances the effect of immunotherapy in preclinical settings. Here we report that the existence of remnant tumor masses due to incomplete RFA (iRFA) is associated with earlier new metastases and poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). Using mouse models, we demonstrate that iRFA promotes tumor progression and hinders the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Immune analysis reveals that iRFA induces sustained local inflammation with predominant myeloid suppressor cells, which inhibit T cell function in tumors. Mechanistically, tumor cell-derived CCL2 is critical for the accumulation of monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells enhances the CCL2 production by tumor cells. Furthermore, we find that administration of a CCR2 antagonist or the loss of CCL2 expression in tumor cells enhances the antitumor activity of PD-1 blockade, providing a salvage alternative for residual tumors after iRFA.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13204-3

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