Observation of a topological nodal surface and its surface-state arcs in an artificial acoustic crystal

Yihao Yang, Jian-ping Xia, Hong-xiang Sun (), Yong Ge, Ding Jia, Shou-qi Yuan, Shengyuan A. Yang, Yidong Chong () and Baile Zhang ()
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Yihao Yang: Nanyang Technological University
Jian-ping Xia: Jiangsu University
Hong-xiang Sun: Jiangsu University
Yong Ge: Jiangsu University
Ding Jia: Jiangsu University
Shou-qi Yuan: Jiangsu University
Shengyuan A. Yang: Singapore University of Technology and Design
Yidong Chong: Nanyang Technological University
Baile Zhang: Nanyang Technological University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) gapless topological phases can be classified by the dimensionality of the band degeneracies, including zero-dimensional (0D) nodal points, one-dimensional (1D) nodal lines, and two-dimensional (2D) nodal surfaces. Both nodal points and nodal lines have been realized recently in photonics and acoustics. However, a nodal surface has never been observed in any classical-wave system. Here, we report on the experimental observation of a twofold symmetry-enforced nodal surface in a 3D chiral acoustic crystal. In particular, the demonstrated nodal surface carries a topological charge of 2, constituting the first realization of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy. Using direct acoustic field measurements, we observe the projected nodal surface and its Fermi-arc-like surface states and demonstrate topologically-induced robustness of the surface states against disorders. This discovery of a higher-dimensional topologically-charged band degeneracy paves the way toward further explorations of the physics and applications of new topological semimetal phases.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13258-3

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