CSB promoter downregulation via histone H3 hypoacetylation is an early determinant of replicative senescence

Clément Crochemore, Cristina Fernández-Molina, Benjamin Montagne, Audrey Salles and Miria Ricchetti ()
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Clément Crochemore: Institut Pasteur, Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology
Cristina Fernández-Molina: Institut Pasteur, Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology
Benjamin Montagne: Institut Pasteur, Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology
Audrey Salles: Centre de Recherche et de Ressources Technologiques C2RT
Miria Ricchetti: Institut Pasteur, Stem Cells and Development, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Cellular senescence has causative links with ageing and age-related diseases, however, it remains unclear if progeroid factors cause senescence in normal cells. Here, we show that depletion of CSB, a protein mutated in progeroid Cockayne syndrome (CS), is the earliest known trigger of p21-dependent replicative senescence. CSB depletion promotes overexpression of the HTRA3 protease resulting in mitochondrial impairments, which are causally linked to CS pathological phenotypes. The CSB promoter is downregulated by histone H3 hypoacetylation during DNA damage-response. Mechanistically, CSB binds to the p21 promoter thereby downregulating its transcription and blocking replicative senescence in a p53-independent manner. This activity of CSB is independent of its role in the repair of UV-induced DNA damage. HTRA3 accumulation and senescence are partially rescued upon reduction of oxidative/nitrosative stress. These findings establish a CSB/p21 axis that acts as a barrier to replicative senescence, and link a progeroid factor with the process of regular ageing in human.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13314-y

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