Dynamic constriction and fission of endoplasmic reticulum membranes by reticulon

Javier Espadas, Diana Pendin, Rebeca Bocanegra, Artur Escalada, Giulia Misticoni, Tatiana Trevisan, Ariana Velasco del Olmo, Aldo Montagna, Sergio Bova, Borja Ibarra, Peter I. Kuzmin, Pavel V. Bashkirov, Anna V. Shnyrova, Vadim A. Frolov () and Andrea Daga ()
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Javier Espadas: Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biology, University of the Basque Country
Diana Pendin: Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini
Rebeca Bocanegra: IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco
Artur Escalada: Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biology, University of the Basque Country
Giulia Misticoni: Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini
Tatiana Trevisan: Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini
Ariana Velasco del Olmo: Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biology, University of the Basque Country
Aldo Montagna: Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini
Sergio Bova: Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova
Borja Ibarra: IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco
Peter I. Kuzmin: A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
Pavel V. Bashkirov: Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine
Anna V. Shnyrova: Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biology, University of the Basque Country
Vadim A. Frolov: Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biology, University of the Basque Country
Andrea Daga: Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous cell-wide membrane network. Network formation has been associated with proteins producing membrane curvature and fusion, such as reticulons and atlastin. Regulated network fragmentation, occurring in different physiological contexts, is less understood. Here we find that the ER has an embedded fragmentation mechanism based upon the ability of reticulon to produce fission of elongating network branches. In Drosophila, Rtnl1-facilitated fission is counterbalanced by atlastin-driven fusion, with the prevalence of Rtnl1 leading to ER fragmentation. Ectopic expression of Drosophila reticulon in COS-7 cells reveals individual fission events in dynamic ER tubules. Consistently, in vitro analyses show that reticulon produces velocity-dependent constriction of lipid nanotubes leading to stochastic fission via a hemifission mechanism. Fission occurs at elongation rates and pulling force ranges intrinsic to the ER, thus suggesting a principle whereby the dynamic balance between fusion and fission controlling organelle morphology depends on membrane motility.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13327-7

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