An effector protein of the wheat stripe rust fungus targets chloroplasts and suppresses chloroplast function

Qiang Xu, Chunlei Tang, Xiaodong Wang, Shutian Sun, Jinren Zhao, Zhensheng Kang () and Xiaojie Wang ()
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Qiang Xu: Northwest A&F University
Chunlei Tang: Northwest A&F University
Xiaodong Wang: Northwest A&F University
Shutian Sun: Northwest A&F University
Jinren Zhao: Northwest A&F University
Zhensheng Kang: Northwest A&F University
Xiaojie Wang: Northwest A&F University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Chloroplasts are important for photosynthesis and for plant immunity against microbial pathogens. Here we identify a haustorium-specific protein (Pst_12806) from the wheat stripe rust fungus, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), that is translocated into chloroplasts and affects chloroplast function. Transient expression of Pst_12806 inhibits BAX-induced cell death in tobacco plants and reduces Pseudomonas-induced hypersensitive response in wheat. It suppresses plant basal immunity by reducing callose deposition and the expression of defense-related genes. Pst_12806 is upregulated during infection, and its knockdown (by host-induced gene silencing) reduces Pst growth and development, likely due to increased ROS accumulation. Pst_12806 interacts with the C-terminal Rieske domain of the wheat TaISP protein (a putative component of the cytochrome b6-f complex). Expression of Pst_12806 in plants reduces electron transport rate, photosynthesis, and production of chloroplast-derived ROS. Silencing TaISP by virus-induced gene silencing in a susceptible wheat cultivar reduces fungal growth and uredinium development, suggesting an increase in resistance against Pst infection.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13487-6

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