BEN-solo factors partition active chromatin to ensure proper gene activation in Drosophila

Malin Ueberschär, Huazhen Wang, Chun Zhang, Shu Kondo, Tsutomu Aoki, Paul Schedl, Eric C. Lai (), Jiayu Wen () and Qi Dai ()
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Malin Ueberschär: Stockholm University
Huazhen Wang: Stockholm University
Chun Zhang: Stockholm University
Shu Kondo: National Institute of Genetics
Tsutomu Aoki: Princeton University
Paul Schedl: Princeton University
Eric C. Lai: Memorial Sloan Kettering Institute
Jiayu Wen: The Australian National University
Qi Dai: Stockholm University

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract The Drosophila genome encodes three BEN-solo proteins including Insensitive (Insv), Elba1 and Elba2 that possess activities in transcriptional repression and chromatin insulation. A fourth protein—Elba3—bridges Elba1 and Elba2 to form an ELBA complex. Here, we report comprehensive investigation of these proteins in Drosophila embryos. We assess common and distinct binding sites for Insv and ELBA and their genetic interdependencies. While Elba1 and Elba2 binding generally requires the ELBA complex, Elba3 can associate with chromatin independently of Elba1 and Elba2. We further demonstrate that ELBA collaborates with other insulators to regulate developmental patterning. Finally, we find that adjacent gene pairs separated by an ELBA bound sequence become less differentially expressed in ELBA mutants. Transgenic reporters confirm the insulating activity of ELBA- and Insv-bound sites. These findings define ELBA and Insv as general insulator proteins in Drosophila and demonstrate the functional importance of insulators to partition transcription units.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13558-8

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