Artificially cloaked viral nanovaccine for cancer immunotherapy

Manlio Fusciello, Flavia Fontana, Siri Tähtinen, Cristian Capasso, Sara Feola, Beatriz Martins, Jacopo Chiaro, Karita Peltonen, Leena Ylösmäki, Erkko Ylösmäki, Firas Hamdan, Otto K. Kari, Joseph Ndika, Harri Alenius, Arto Urtti, Jouni T. Hirvonen, Hélder A. Santos () and Vincenzo Cerullo ()
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Manlio Fusciello: University of Helsinki
Flavia Fontana: University of Helsinki
Siri Tähtinen: University of Helsinki
Cristian Capasso: University of Helsinki
Sara Feola: University of Helsinki
Beatriz Martins: University of Helsinki
Jacopo Chiaro: University of Helsinki
Karita Peltonen: University of Helsinki
Leena Ylösmäki: University of Helsinki
Erkko Ylösmäki: University of Helsinki
Firas Hamdan: University of Helsinki
Otto K. Kari: University of Helsinki
Joseph Ndika: University of Helsinki
Harri Alenius: University of Helsinki
Arto Urtti: University of Helsinki
Jouni T. Hirvonen: University of Helsinki
Hélder A. Santos: University of Helsinki
Vincenzo Cerullo: University of Helsinki

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Virus-based cancer vaccines are nowadays considered an interesting approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy, despite the observation that the majority of the immune responses they elicit are against the virus and not against the tumor. In contrast, targeting tumor associated antigens is effective, however the identification of these antigens remains challenging. Here, we describe ExtraCRAd, a multi-vaccination strategy focused on an oncolytic virus artificially wrapped with tumor cancer membranes carrying tumor antigens. We demonstrate that ExtraCRAd displays increased infectivity and oncolytic effect in vitro and in vivo. We show that this nanoparticle platform controls the growth of aggressive melanoma and lung tumors in vivo both in preventive and therapeutic setting, creating a highly specific anti-cancer immune response. In conclusion, ExtraCRAd might serve as the next generation of personalized cancer vaccines with enhanced features over standard vaccination regimens, representing an alternative way to target cancer.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13744-8

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