Enhanced control of self-doping in halide perovskites for improved thermoelectric performance

Tianjun Liu, Xiaoming Zhao, Jianwei Li, Zilu Liu, Fabiola Liscio, Silvia Milita, Bob C. Schroeder and Oliver Fenwick ()
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Tianjun Liu: Queen Mary University of London
Xiaoming Zhao: Queen Mary University of London
Jianwei Li: University College London
Zilu Liu: University College London
Fabiola Liscio: Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Silvia Milita: Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Bob C. Schroeder: University College London
Oliver Fenwick: Queen Mary University of London

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising photovoltaic materials, but, despite ultralow thermal conductivity, progress on developing them for thermoelectrics has been limited. Here, we report the thermoelectric properties of all-inorganic tin based perovskites with enhanced air stability. Fine tuning the thermoelectric properties of the films is achieved by self-doping through the oxidation of tin (ΙΙ) to tin (ΙV) in a thin surface-layer that transfers charge to the bulk. This separates the doping defects from the transport region, enabling enhanced electrical conductivity. We show that this arises due to a chlorine-rich surface layer that acts simultaneously as the source of free charges and a sacrificial layer protecting the bulk from oxidation. Moreover, we achieve a figure-of-merit (ZT) of 0.14 ± 0.01 when chlorine-doping and degree of the oxidation are optimised in tandem.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13773-3

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