The role of transient resonances for ultra-fast imaging of single sucrose nanoclusters

Phay J. Ho (), Benedikt J. Daurer, Max F. Hantke, Johan Bielecki, Andre Al Haddad, Maximilian Bucher, Gilles Doumy, Ken R. Ferguson, Leonie Flückiger, Tais Gorkhover, Bianca Iwan, Christopher Knight, Stefan Moeller, Timur Osipov, Dipanwita Ray, Stephen H. Southworth, Martin Svenda, Nicusor Timneanu, Anatoli Ulmer, Peter Walter, Janos Hajdu, Linda Young, Filipe R. N. C. Maia () and Christoph Bostedt ()
Additional contact information
Phay J. Ho: Argonne National Laboratory
Benedikt J. Daurer: Uppsala University
Max F. Hantke: Uppsala University
Johan Bielecki: Uppsala University
Andre Al Haddad: Argonne National Laboratory
Maximilian Bucher: Argonne National Laboratory
Gilles Doumy: Argonne National Laboratory
Ken R. Ferguson: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Leonie Flückiger: La Trobe University
Tais Gorkhover: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Bianca Iwan: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Christopher Knight: Argonne National Laboratory
Stefan Moeller: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Timur Osipov: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Dipanwita Ray: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Stephen H. Southworth: Argonne National Laboratory
Martin Svenda: Uppsala University
Nicusor Timneanu: Uppsala University
Anatoli Ulmer: Technische Universität Berlin
Peter Walter: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Janos Hajdu: Uppsala University
Linda Young: Argonne National Laboratory
Filipe R. N. C. Maia: Uppsala University
Christoph Bostedt: Argonne National Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Intense x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses hold great promise for imaging function in nanoscale and biological systems with atomic resolution. So far, however, the spatial resolution obtained from single shot experiments lags averaging static experiments. Here we report on a combined computational and experimental study about ultrafast diffractive imaging of sucrose clusters which are benchmark organic samples. Our theoretical model matches the experimental data from the water window to the keV x-ray regime. The large-scale dynamic scattering calculations reveal that transient phenomena driven by non-linear x-ray interaction are decisive for ultrafast imaging applications. Our study illuminates the complex interplay of the imaging process with the rapidly changing transient electronic structures in XFEL experiments and shows how computational models allow optimization of the parameters for ultrafast imaging experiments.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13905-9

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