Electron Bernstein waves driven by electron crescents near the electron diffusion region

W. Y. Li (), D. B. Graham (), Yu. V. Khotyaintsev, A. Vaivads, M. André, K. Min, K. Liu, B. B. Tang, C. Wang, K. Fujimoto, C. Norgren, S. Toledo-Redondo, P.-A. Lindqvist, R. E. Ergun, R. B. Torbert, A. C. Rager, J. C. Dorelli, D. J. Gershman, B. L. Giles, B. Lavraud, F. Plaschke, W. Magnes, O. Le Contel, C. T. Russell and J. L. Burch
Additional contact information
W. Y. Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
D. B. Graham: Swedish Institute of Space Physics
Yu. V. Khotyaintsev: Swedish Institute of Space Physics
A. Vaivads: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
M. André: Swedish Institute of Space Physics
K. Min: Chungnam National University
K. Liu: Southern University of Science and Technology
B. B. Tang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
C. Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
K. Fujimoto: Beihang University
C. Norgren: University of Bergen
S. Toledo-Redondo: Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES
P.-A. Lindqvist: KTH Royal Institute of Technology
R. E. Ergun: University of Colorado
R. B. Torbert: University of New Hampshire
A. C. Rager: Catholic University of America
J. C. Dorelli: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
D. J. Gershman: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
B. L. Giles: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
B. Lavraud: Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES
F. Plaschke: Austrian Academy of Sciences
W. Magnes: Austrian Academy of Sciences
O. Le Contel: CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris
C. T. Russell: University of California
J. L. Burch: Southwest Research Institute

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft encounter an electron diffusion region (EDR) of asymmetric magnetic reconnection at Earth’s magnetopause. The EDR is characterized by agyrotropic electron velocity distributions on both sides of the neutral line. Various types of plasma waves are produced by the magnetic reconnection in and near the EDR. Here we report large-amplitude electron Bernstein waves (EBWs) at the electron-scale boundary of the Hall current reversal. The finite gyroradius effect of the outflow electrons generates the crescent-shaped agyrotropic electron distributions, which drive the EBWs. The EBWs propagate toward the central EDR. The amplitude of the EBWs is sufficiently large to thermalize and diffuse electrons around the EDR. The EBWs contribute to the cross-field diffusion of the electron-scale boundary of the Hall current reversal near the EDR.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13920-w

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