Integrated single cell analysis of blood and cerebrospinal fluid leukocytes in multiple sclerosis

David Schafflick, Chenling A. Xu, Maike Hartlehnert, Michael Cole, Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Tobias Lautwein, Jolien Wolbert, Michael Heming, Sven G. Meuth, Tanja Kuhlmann, Catharina C. Gross, Heinz Wiendl, Nir Yosef () and Gerd Meyer zu Horste ()
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David Schafflick: University Hospital Münster
Chenling A. Xu: University of California
Maike Hartlehnert: University Hospital Münster
Michael Cole: University of California
Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck: University Hospital Münster
Tobias Lautwein: University Hospital Münster
Jolien Wolbert: University Hospital Münster
Michael Heming: University Hospital Münster
Sven G. Meuth: University Hospital Münster
Tanja Kuhlmann: University Hospital Münster
Catharina C. Gross: University Hospital Münster
Heinz Wiendl: University Hospital Münster
Nir Yosef: University of California
Gerd Meyer zu Horste: University Hospital Münster

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protects the central nervous system (CNS) and analyzing CSF aids the diagnosis of CNS diseases, but our understanding of CSF leukocytes remains superficial. Here, using single cell transcriptomics, we identify a specific location-associated composition and transcriptome of CSF leukocytes. Multiple sclerosis (MS) – an autoimmune disease of the CNS – increases transcriptional diversity in blood, but increases cell type diversity in CSF including a higher abundance of cytotoxic phenotype T helper cells. An analytical approach, named cell set enrichment analysis (CSEA) identifies a cluster-independent increase of follicular (TFH) cells potentially driving the known expansion of B lineage cells in the CSF in MS. In mice, TFH cells accordingly promote B cell infiltration into the CNS and the severity of MS animal models. Immune mechanisms in MS are thus highly compartmentalized and indicate ongoing local T/B cell interaction.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14118-w

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