Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution

Mykhailo Y. Batiuk, Araks Martirosyan, Jérôme Wahis, Filip de Vin, Catherine Marneffe, Carola Kusserow, Jordan Koeppen, João Filipe Viana, João Filipe Oliveira, Thierry Voet, Chris P. Ponting, T. Grant Belgard and Matthew G. Holt ()
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Mykhailo Y. Batiuk: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Araks Martirosyan: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Jérôme Wahis: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Filip de Vin: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Catherine Marneffe: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Carola Kusserow: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
Jordan Koeppen: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research
João Filipe Viana: University of Minho
João Filipe Oliveira: University of Minho
Thierry Voet: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Chris P. Ponting: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
T. Grant Belgard: University of Oxford
Matthew G. Holt: VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Astrocytes, a major cell type found throughout the central nervous system, have general roles in the modulation of synapse formation and synaptic transmission, blood–brain barrier formation, and regulation of blood flow, as well as metabolic support of other brain resident cells. Crucially, emerging evidence shows specific adaptations and astrocyte-encoded functions in regions, such as the spinal cord and cerebellum. To investigate the true extent of astrocyte molecular diversity across forebrain regions, we used single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis identifies five transcriptomically distinct astrocyte subtypes in adult mouse cortex and hippocampus. Validation of our data in situ reveals distinct spatial positioning of defined subtypes, reflecting the distribution of morphologically and physiologically distinct astrocyte populations. Our findings are evidence for specialized astrocyte subtypes between and within brain regions. The data are available through an online database (https://holt-sc.glialab.org/), providing a resource on which to base explorations of local astrocyte diversity and function in the brain.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14198-8

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