Vacuum Rabi splitting of a dark plasmonic cavity mode revealed by fast electrons

Ora Bitton, Satyendra Nath Gupta, Lothar Houben, Michal Kvapil, Vlastimil Křápek, Tomáš Šikola and Gilad Haran ()
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Ora Bitton: Chemical Research Support Department, Weizmann Institute of Science
Satyendra Nath Gupta: Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science
Lothar Houben: Chemical Research Support Department, Weizmann Institute of Science
Michal Kvapil: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology
Vlastimil Křápek: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology
Tomáš Šikola: Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology
Gilad Haran: Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Recent years have seen a growing interest in strong coupling between plasmons and excitons, as a way to generate new quantum optical testbeds and influence chemical dynamics and reactivity. Strong coupling to bright plasmonic modes has been achieved even with single quantum emitters. Dark plasmonic modes fare better in some applications due to longer lifetimes, but are difficult to probe as they are subradiant. Here, we apply electron energy loss (EEL) spectroscopy to demonstrate that a dark mode of an individual plasmonic bowtie can interact with a small number of quantum emitters, as evidenced by Rabi-split spectra. Coupling strengths of up to 85 meV place the bowtie-emitter devices at the onset of the strong coupling regime. Remarkably, the coupling occurs at the periphery of the bowtie gaps, even while the electron beam probes their center. Our findings pave the way for using EEL spectroscopy to study exciton-plasmon interactions involving non-emissive photonic modes.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14364-3

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