A RAF-SnRK2 kinase cascade mediates early osmotic stress signaling in higher plants

Zhen Lin, Yuan Li, Zhengjing Zhang, Xiaolei Liu, Chuan-Chih Hsu, Yanyan Du, Tian Sang, Chen Zhu, Yubei Wang, Viswanathan Satheesh, Pritu Pratibha, Yang Zhao, Chun-Peng Song, W. Andy Tao, Jian-Kang Zhu () and Pengcheng Wang ()
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Zhen Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yuan Li: China Agricultural University
Zhengjing Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaolei Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chuan-Chih Hsu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanyan Du: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tian Sang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chen Zhu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yubei Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Viswanathan Satheesh: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Pritu Pratibha: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chun-Peng Song: Henan University
W. Andy Tao: Purdue University
Jian-Kang Zhu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Pengcheng Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Osmoregulation is important for plant growth, development and response to environmental changes. SNF1-related protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are central components in osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways; however, the upstream components required for SnRK2 activation and early osmotic stress signaling are still unknown. Here, we report a critical role for B2, B3 and B4 subfamilies of Raf-like kinases (RAFs) in early osmotic stress as well as ABA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. B2, B3 and B4 RAFs are quickly activated by osmotic stress and are required for phosphorylation and activation of SnRK2s. Analyses of high-order mutants of RAFs reveal critical roles of the RAFs in osmotic stress tolerance and ABA responses as well as in growth and development. Our findings uncover a kinase cascade mediating osmoregulation in higher plants.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14477-9

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