Exceptional subgenome stability and functional divergence in the allotetraploid Ethiopian cereal teff

Robert VanBuren (), Ching Man Wai, Xuewen Wang, Jeremy Pardo, Alan E. Yocca, Hao Wang, Srinivasa R. Chaluvadi, Guomin Han, Douglas Bryant, Patrick P. Edger, Joachim Messing, Mark E. Sorrells, Todd C. Mockler, Jeffrey L. Bennetzen and Todd P. Michael ()
Additional contact information
Robert VanBuren: Michigan State University
Ching Man Wai: Michigan State University
Xuewen Wang: University of Georgia
Jeremy Pardo: Michigan State University
Alan E. Yocca: Michigan State University
Hao Wang: University of Georgia
Srinivasa R. Chaluvadi: University of Georgia
Guomin Han: University of Georgia
Douglas Bryant: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Patrick P. Edger: Michigan State University
Joachim Messing: Rutgers University
Mark E. Sorrells: Cornell University
Todd C. Mockler: Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Jeffrey L. Bennetzen: University of Georgia
Todd P. Michael: J. Craig Venter Institute

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Teff (Eragrostis tef) is a cornerstone of food security in the Horn of Africa, where it is prized for stress resilience, grain nutrition, and market value. Here, we report a chromosome-scale assembly of allotetraploid teff (variety Dabbi) and patterns of subgenome dynamics. The teff genome contains two complete sets of homoeologous chromosomes, with most genes maintaining as syntenic gene pairs. TE analysis allows us to estimate that the teff polyploidy event occurred ~1.1 million years ago (mya) and that the two subgenomes diverged ~5.0 mya. Despite this divergence, we detect no large-scale structural rearrangements, homoeologous exchanges, or biased gene loss, in contrast to many other allopolyploids. The two teff subgenomes have partitioned their ancestral functions based on divergent expression across a diverse expression atlas. Together, these genomic resources will be useful for accelerating breeding of this underutilized grain crop and for fundamental insights into polyploid genome evolution.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14724-z

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