Artificially decreasing cortical tension generates aneuploidy in mouse oocytes

Isma Bennabi, Flora Crozet, Elvira Nikalayevich, Agathe Chaigne, Gaëlle Letort, Marion Manil-Ségalen, Clément Campillo, Clotilde Cadart, Alice Othmani, Rafaele Attia, Auguste Genovesio, Marie-Hélène Verlhac () and Marie-Emilie Terret ()
Additional contact information
Isma Bennabi: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Flora Crozet: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Elvira Nikalayevich: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Agathe Chaigne: MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, UCL
Gaëlle Letort: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Marion Manil-Ségalen: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Clément Campillo: LAMBE, Université d’Evry val d’Essonne
Clotilde Cadart: Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144
Alice Othmani: IBENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR8197/U1024
Rafaele Attia: Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144
Auguste Genovesio: IBENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR8197/U1024
Marie-Hélène Verlhac: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050
Marie-Emilie Terret: CIRB, Collège de France, UMR7241/U1050

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Human and mouse oocytes’ developmental potential can be predicted by their mechanical properties. Their development into blastocysts requires a specific stiffness window. In this study, we combine live-cell and computational imaging, laser ablation, and biophysical measurements to investigate how deregulation of cortex tension in the oocyte contributes to early developmental failure. We focus on extra-soft cells, the most common defect in a natural population. Using two independent tools to artificially decrease cortical tension, we show that chromosome alignment is impaired in extra-soft mouse oocytes, despite normal spindle morphogenesis and dynamics, inducing aneuploidy. The main cause is a cytoplasmic increase in myosin-II activity that could sterically hinder chromosome capture. We describe here an original mode of generation of aneuploidies that could be very common in oocytes and could contribute to the high aneuploidy rate observed during female meiosis, a leading cause of infertility and congenital disorders.

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-15470-y

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15470-y

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