Epitaxial bulk acoustic wave resonators as highly coherent multi-phonon sources for quantum acoustodynamics

Vikrant J. Gokhale (), Brian P. Downey (), D. Scott Katzer, Neeraj Nepal, Andrew C. Lang, Rhonda M. Stroud and David J. Meyer
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Vikrant J. Gokhale: National Research Council Fellow residing at the US Naval Research Laboratory
Brian P. Downey: US Naval Research Laboratory
D. Scott Katzer: US Naval Research Laboratory
Neeraj Nepal: US Naval Research Laboratory
Andrew C. Lang: American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Fellow residing at the US Naval Research Laboratory
Rhonda M. Stroud: US Naval Research Laboratory
David J. Meyer: US Naval Research Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Solid-state quantum acoustodynamic (QAD) systems provide a compact platform for quantum information storage and processing by coupling acoustic phonon sources with superconducting or spin qubits. The multi-mode composite high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator (HBAR) is a popular phonon source well suited for QAD. However, scattering from defects, grain boundaries, and interfacial/surface roughness in the composite transducer severely limits the phonon relaxation time in sputter-deposited devices. Here, we grow an epitaxial-HBAR, consisting of a metallic NbN bottom electrode and a piezoelectric GaN film on a SiC substrate. The acoustic impedance-matched epi-HBAR has a power injection efficiency >99% from transducer to phonon cavity. The smooth interfaces and low defect density reduce phonon losses, yielding (f × Q) and phonon lifetimes up to 1.36 × 1017 Hz and 500 µs respectively. The GaN/NbN/SiC epi-HBAR is an electrically actuated, multi-mode phonon source that can be directly interfaced with NbN-based superconducting qubits or SiC-based spin qubits.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15472-w

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