Enabling room temperature ferromagnetism in monolayer MoS2 via in situ iron-doping

Shichen Fu, Kyungnam Kang, Kamran Shayan, Anthony Yoshimura, Siamak Dadras, Xiaotian Wang, Lihua Zhang, Siwei Chen, Na Liu, Apoorv Jindal, Xiangzhi Li, Abhay N. Pasupathy, A. Nick Vamivakas, Vincent Meunier, Stefan Strauf () and Eui-Hyeok Yang ()
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Shichen Fu: Stevens Institute of Technology
Kyungnam Kang: Stevens Institute of Technology
Kamran Shayan: Stevens Institute of Technology
Anthony Yoshimura: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Siamak Dadras: University of Rochester
Xiaotian Wang: Stevens Institute of Technology
Lihua Zhang: Brookhaven National Laboratory
Siwei Chen: Stevens Institute of Technology
Na Liu: Stevens Institute of Technology
Apoorv Jindal: Columbia University
Xiangzhi Li: Stevens Institute of Technology
Abhay N. Pasupathy: Columbia University
A. Nick Vamivakas: University of Rochester
Vincent Meunier: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Stefan Strauf: Stevens Institute of Technology
Eui-Hyeok Yang: Stevens Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional semiconductors, including transition metal dichalcogenides, are of interest in electronics and photonics but remain nonmagnetic in their intrinsic form. Previous efforts to form two-dimensional dilute magnetic semiconductors utilized extrinsic doping techniques or bulk crystal growth, detrimentally affecting uniformity, scalability, or Curie temperature. Here, we demonstrate an in situ substitutional doping of Fe atoms into MoS2 monolayers in the chemical vapor deposition growth. The iron atoms substitute molybdenum sites in MoS2 crystals, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman signatures. We uncover an Fe-related spectral transition of Fe:MoS2 monolayers that appears at 2.28 eV above the pristine bandgap and displays pronounced ferromagnetic hysteresis. The microscopic origin is further corroborated by density functional theory calculations of dipole-allowed transitions in Fe:MoS2. Using spatially integrating magnetization measurements and spatially resolving nitrogen-vacancy center magnetometry, we show that Fe:MoS2 monolayers remain magnetized even at ambient conditions, manifesting ferromagnetism at room temperature.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15877-7

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