Alkyne–Alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition based on visible light photocatalysis

Sujin Ha, Yeji Lee, Yoonna Kwak, Akash Mishra, Eunsoo Yu, Bokyeong Ryou and Cheol-Min Park ()
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Sujin Ha: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Yeji Lee: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Yoonna Kwak: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Akash Mishra: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Eunsoo Yu: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Bokyeong Ryou: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)
Cheol-Min Park: UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology)

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract UV-activated alkyne–alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition has served as an important tool to access cyclobutenes. Although broadly adopted, the limitations with UV light as an energy source prompted us to explore an alternative method. Here we report alkyne–alkene [2 + 2] cycloaddition based on visible light photocatalysis allowing the synthesis of diverse cyclobutenes and 1,3-dienes via inter- and intramolecular reactions. Extensive mechanistic studies suggest that the localized spin densities at sp2 carbons of alkenes account for the productive sensitization of alkenes despite their similar triplet levels of alkenes and alkynes. Moreover, the efficient formation of 1,3-dienes via tandem triplet activation of the resulting cyclobutenes is observed when intramolecular enyne cycloaddition is performed, which may serve as a complementary means to the Ru(II)-catalyzed enyne metathesis. In addition, the utility of the [2 + 2] cycloaddition has been demonstrated by several synthetic transformations including synthesis of various extended π-systems.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16283-9

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