Activation of JUN in fibroblasts promotes pro-fibrotic programme and modulates protective immunity

Lu Cui, Shih-Yu Chen, Tristan Lerbs, Jin-Wook Lee, Pablo Domizi, Sydney Gordon, Yong-hun Kim, Garry Nolan, Paola Betancur and Gerlinde Wernig ()
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Lu Cui: Stanford University School of Medicine
Shih-Yu Chen: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica
Tristan Lerbs: Stanford University School of Medicine
Jin-Wook Lee: Stanford University School of Medicine
Pablo Domizi: Stanford University School of Medicine
Sydney Gordon: Orca Biosystems
Yong-hun Kim: Stanford University School of Medicine
Garry Nolan: Stanford University School of Medicine
Paola Betancur: University of California
Gerlinde Wernig: Stanford University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract The transcription factor JUN is highly expressed in pulmonary fibrosis. Its induction in mice drives lung fibrosis, which is abrogated by administration of anti-CD47. Here, we use high-dimensional mass cytometry to profile protein expression and secretome of cells from patients with pulmonary fibrosis. We show that JUN is activated in fibrotic fibroblasts that expressed increased CD47 and PD-L1. Using ATAC-seq and ChIP-seq, we found that activation of JUN rendered promoters and enhancers of CD47 and PD-L1 accessible. We further detect increased IL-6 that amplified JUN-mediated CD47 enhancer activity and protein expression. Using an in vivo mouse model of fibrosis, we found two distinct mechanisms by which blocking IL-6, CD47 and PD-L1 reversed fibrosis, by increasing phagocytosis of profibrotic fibroblasts and by eliminating suppressive effects on adaptive immunity. Our results identify specific immune mechanisms that promote fibrosis and suggest a therapeutic approach that could be used alongside conventional anti-fibrotics for pulmonary fibrosis.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16466-4

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