Holistic engineering of cell-free systems through proteome-reprogramming synthetic circuits

Luis E. Contreras-Llano, Conary Meyer, Yao Liu, Mridul Sarker, Sierin Lim, Marjorie L. Longo and Cheemeng Tan ()
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Luis E. Contreras-Llano: University of California, Davis
Conary Meyer: University of California, Davis
Yao Liu: University of California, Davis
Mridul Sarker: Nanyang Technological University
Sierin Lim: Nanyang Technological University
Marjorie L. Longo: University of California, Davis
Cheemeng Tan: University of California, Davis

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Synthetic biology has focused on engineering genetic modules that operate orthogonally from the host cells. A synthetic biological module, however, can be designed to reprogram the host proteome, which in turn enhances the function of the synthetic module. Here, we apply this holistic synthetic biology concept to the engineering of cell-free systems by exploiting the crosstalk between metabolic networks in cells, leading to a protein environment more favorable for protein synthesis. Specifically, we show that local modules expressing translation machinery can reprogram the bacterial proteome, changing the expression levels of more than 700 proteins. The resultant feedback generates a cell-free system that can synthesize fluorescent reporters, protein nanocages, and the gene-editing nuclease Cas9, with up to 5-fold higher expression level than classical cell-free systems. Our work demonstrates a holistic approach that integrates synthetic and systems biology concepts to achieve outcomes not possible by only local, orthogonal circuits.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16900-7

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