The induction and function of the anti-inflammatory fate of TH17 cells

Hao Xu, Theodora Agalioti, Jun Zhao, Babett Steglich, Ramez Wahib, Maria Carolina Amezcua Vesely, Piotr Bielecki, Will Bailis, Ruaidhri Jackson, Daniel Perez, Jakob Izbicki, Paula Licona-Limón, Vesa Kaartinen, Jens Geginat, Enric Esplugues, Eva Tolosa, Samuel Huber, Richard A. Flavell () and Nicola Gagliani ()
Additional contact information
Hao Xu: Yale University
Theodora Agalioti: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Jun Zhao: Yale University
Babett Steglich: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Ramez Wahib: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Maria Carolina Amezcua Vesely: Yale University
Piotr Bielecki: Yale University
Will Bailis: University of Pennsylvania
Ruaidhri Jackson: Yale University
Daniel Perez: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Jakob Izbicki: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Paula Licona-Limón: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Vesa Kaartinen: University of Michigan
Jens Geginat: INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”
Enric Esplugues: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF)
Eva Tolosa: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Samuel Huber: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Richard A. Flavell: Yale University
Nicola Gagliani: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract TH17 cells exemplify environmental immune adaptation: they can acquire both a pathogenic and an anti-inflammatory fate. However, it is not known whether the anti-inflammatory fate is merely a vestigial trait, or whether it serves to preserve the integrity of the host tissues. Here we show that the capacity of TH17 cells to acquire an anti-inflammatory fate is necessary to sustain immunological tolerance, yet it impairs immune protection against S. aureus. Additionally, we find that TGF-β signalling via Smad3/Smad4 is sufficient for the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, in TH17 cells. Our data thus indicate a key function of TH17 cell plasticity in maintaining immune homeostasis, and dissect the molecular mechanisms explaining the functional flexibility of TH17 cells with regard to environmental changes.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17097-5

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