Liquid metal-based synthesis of high performance monolayer SnS piezoelectric nanogenerators

Hareem Khan, Nasir Mahmood, Ali Zavabeti, Aaron Elbourne, Md. Ataur Rahman, Bao Yue Zhang, Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi, Paul Atkin, Mohammad B. Ghasemian, Jiong Yang, Guolin Zheng, Anil R. Ravindran, Sumeet Walia, Lan Wang, Salvy P. Russo, Torben Daeneke, Yongxiang Li () and Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh ()
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Hareem Khan: RMIT University
Nasir Mahmood: RMIT University
Ali Zavabeti: RMIT University
Aaron Elbourne: RMIT University
Md. Ataur Rahman: RMIT University
Bao Yue Zhang: RMIT University
Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi: RMIT University
Paul Atkin: RMIT University
Mohammad B. Ghasemian: University of New South Wales (UNSW)
Jiong Yang: University of New South Wales (UNSW)
Guolin Zheng: RMIT University
Anil R. Ravindran: RMIT University
Sumeet Walia: RMIT University
Lan Wang: RMIT University
Salvy P. Russo: RMIT University
Torben Daeneke: RMIT University
Yongxiang Li: RMIT University
Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh: University of New South Wales (UNSW)

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The predicted strong piezoelectricity for monolayers of group IV monochalcogenides, together with their inherent flexibility, makes them likely candidates for developing flexible nanogenerators. Within this group, SnS is a potential choice for such nanogenerators due to its favourable semiconducting properties. To date, access to large-area and highly crystalline monolayer SnS has been challenging due to the presence of strong inter-layer interactions by the lone-pair electrons of S. Here we report single crystal across-the-plane and large-area monolayer SnS synthesis using a liquid metal-based technique. The characterisations confirm the formation of atomically thin SnS with a remarkable carrier mobility of ~35 cm2 V−1 s−1 and piezoelectric coefficient of ~26 pm V−1. Piezoelectric nanogenerators fabricated using the SnS monolayers demonstrate a peak output voltage of ~150 mV at 0.7% strain. The stable and flexible monolayer SnS can be implemented into a variety of systems for efficient energy harvesting.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17296-0

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