Mucosal-associated invariant T cells promote inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis leading to metabolic dysfunction during obesity

Amine Toubal (), Badr Kiaf, Lucie Beaudoin, Lucie Cagninacci, Moez Rhimi, Blandine Fruchet, Jennifer Silva, Alexandra J. Corbett, Yannick Simoni, Olivier Lantz, Jamie Rossjohn, James McCluskey, Philippe Lesnik, Emmanuelle Maguin and Agnès Lehuen ()
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Amine Toubal: Institut Cochin INSERM
Badr Kiaf: Institut Cochin INSERM
Lucie Beaudoin: Institut Cochin INSERM
Lucie Cagninacci: Institut Cochin INSERM
Moez Rhimi: INRA Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas
Blandine Fruchet: Institut Cochin INSERM
Jennifer Silva: Institut Cochin INSERM
Alexandra J. Corbett: University of Melbourne
Yannick Simoni: Institut Cochin INSERM
Olivier Lantz: INSERM U932, Institut Curie, PSL University
Jamie Rossjohn: Monash University
James McCluskey: University of Melbourne
Philippe Lesnik: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, INSERM
Emmanuelle Maguin: INRA Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas
Agnès Lehuen: Institut Cochin INSERM

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Abstract Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation promoting insulin-resistance and diabetes. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a consequence as well as a driver of obesity and diabetes. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) are innate-like T cells expressing a semi-invariant T cell receptor restricted to the non-classical MHC class I molecule MR1 presenting bacterial ligands. Here we show that during obesity MAIT cells promote inflammation in both adipose tissue and ileum, leading to insulin resistance and impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. MAIT cells act in adipose tissue by inducing M1 macrophage polarization in an MR1-dependent manner and in the gut by inducing microbiota dysbiosis and loss of gut integrity. Both MAIT cell-induced tissue alterations contribute to metabolic dysfunction. Treatment with MAIT cell inhibitory ligand demonstrates its potential as a strategy against inflammation, dysbiosis and metabolic disorders.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17307-0

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