Photothermogenetic inhibition of cancer stemness by near-infrared-light-activatable nanocomplexes

Yue Yu, Xi Yang, Sheethal Reghu, Sunil C. Kaul, Renu Wadhwa and Eijiro Miyako ()
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Yue Yu: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Xi Yang: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Sheethal Reghu: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Sunil C. Kaul: Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, AIST
Renu Wadhwa: Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, AIST
Eijiro Miyako: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Strategies for eradicating cancer stem cells (CSCs) are urgently required because CSCs are resistant to anticancer drugs and cause treatment failure, relapse and metastasis. Here, we show that photoactive functional nanocarbon complexes exhibit unique characteristics, such as homogeneous particle morphology, high water dispersibility, powerful photothermal conversion, rapid photoresponsivity and excellent photothermal stability. In addition, the present biologically permeable second near-infrared (NIR-II) light-induced nanocomplexes photo-thermally trigger calcium influx into target cells overexpressing the transient receptor potential vanilloid family type 2 (TRPV2). This combination of nanomaterial design and genetic engineering effectively eliminates cancer cells and suppresses stemness of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, in molecular analyses of mechanisms, we show that inhibition of cancer stemness involves calcium-mediated dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. The present technological concept may lead to innovative therapies to address the global issue of refractory cancers.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17768-3

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