Magnetic field detection limits for ultraclean graphene Hall sensors

Brian T. Schaefer, Lei Wang, Alexander Jarjour, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Paul L. McEuen and Katja C. Nowack ()
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Brian T. Schaefer: Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University
Lei Wang: Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University
Alexander Jarjour: Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University
Kenji Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
Takashi Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
Paul L. McEuen: Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University
Katja C. Nowack: Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Solid-state magnetic field sensors are important for applications in commercial electronics and fundamental materials research. Most magnetic field sensors function in a limited range of temperature and magnetic field, but Hall sensors in principle operate over a broad range of these conditions. Here, we evaluate ultraclean graphene as a material platform for high-performance Hall sensors. We fabricate micrometer-scale devices from graphene encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride and few-layer graphite. We optimize the magnetic field detection limit under different conditions. At 1 kHz for a 1 μm device, we estimate a detection limit of 700 nT Hz−1/2 at room temperature, 80 nT Hz−1/2 at 4.2 K, and 3 μT Hz−1/2 in 3 T background field at 4.2 K. Our devices perform similarly to the best Hall sensors reported in the literature at room temperature, outperform other Hall sensors at 4.2 K, and demonstrate high performance in a few-Tesla magnetic field at which the sensors exhibit the quantum Hall effect.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18007-5

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