Complete chemical structures of human mitochondrial tRNAs

Takeo Suzuki, Yuka Yashiro, Ittoku Kikuchi, Yuma Ishigami, Hironori Saito, Ikuya Matsuzawa, Shunpei Okada, Mari Mito, Shintaro Iwasaki, Ding Ma, Xuewei Zhao, Kana Asano, Huan Lin, Yohei Kirino, Yuriko Sakaguchi and Tsutomu Suzuki ()
Additional contact information
Takeo Suzuki: University of Tokyo
Yuka Yashiro: University of Tokyo
Ittoku Kikuchi: University of Tokyo
Yuma Ishigami: University of Tokyo
Hironori Saito: RIKEN
Ikuya Matsuzawa: University of Tokyo
Shunpei Okada: University of Tokyo
Mari Mito: RIKEN
Shintaro Iwasaki: RIKEN
Ding Ma: University of Tokyo
Xuewei Zhao: University of Tokyo
Kana Asano: University of Tokyo
Huan Lin: University of Tokyo
Yohei Kirino: Thomas Jefferson University
Yuriko Sakaguchi: University of Tokyo
Tsutomu Suzuki: University of Tokyo

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Mitochondria generate most cellular energy via oxidative phosphorylation. Twenty-two species of mitochondrial (mt-)tRNAs encoded in mtDNA translate essential subunits of the respiratory chain complexes. mt-tRNAs contain post-transcriptional modifications introduced by nuclear-encoded tRNA-modifying enzymes. They are required for deciphering genetic code accurately, as well as stabilizing tRNA. Loss of tRNA modifications frequently results in severe pathological consequences. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of post-transcriptional modifications of all human mt-tRNAs, including 14 previously-uncharacterized species. In total, we find 18 kinds of RNA modifications at 137 positions (8.7% in 1575 nucleobases) in 22 species of human mt-tRNAs. An up-to-date list of 34 genes responsible for mt-tRNA modifications are provided. We identify two genes required for queuosine (Q) formation in mt-tRNAs. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the decoding system and could help to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of human mitochondrial diseases caused by aberrant tRNA modifications.

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-18068-6

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18068-6

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