The genomic landscape of Mongolian hepatocellular carcinoma

Julián Candia, Enkhjargal Bayarsaikhan, Mayank Tandon, Anuradha Budhu, Marshonna Forgues, Lkhagva-Ochir Tovuu, Undarmaa Tudev, Justin Lack, Ann Chao, Jigjidsuren Chinburen and Xin Wei Wang ()
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Julián Candia: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Enkhjargal Bayarsaikhan: General Laboratory Department, National Cancer Center
Mayank Tandon: CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Anuradha Budhu: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Marshonna Forgues: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Lkhagva-Ochir Tovuu: General Laboratory Department, National Cancer Center
Undarmaa Tudev: Cancer Registry and Screening Department, National Cancer Center
Justin Lack: CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Ann Chao: Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Jigjidsuren Chinburen: Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgical Department, National Cancer Center
Xin Wei Wang: Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Mongolia has the highest incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the world, but its causative factors and underlying tumor biology remain unknown. Here, we describe molecular characteristics of HCC from 76 Mongolian patients by whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing. We present a comprehensive analysis of mutational signatures, driver genes, and molecular subtypes of Mongolian HCC compared to 373 HCC patients of different races and ethnicities and diverse etiologies. Mongolian HCC consists of prognostic molecular subtypes similar to those found in patients from other areas of Asia, Europe, and North America, as well as other unique subtypes, suggesting the presence of distinct etiologies linked to Mongolian patients. In addition to common driver mutations (TP53, CTNNB1) frequently found in pan-cancer analysis, Mongolian HCC exhibits unique drivers (most notably GTF2IRD2B, PNRC2, and SPTA1), the latter of which is associated with hepatitis D viral infection. These results suggest the existence of new molecular mechanisms at play in Mongolian hepatocarcinogenesis.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18186-1

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