Changing local recombination patterns in Arabidopsis by CRISPR/Cas mediated chromosome engineering

Carla Schmidt, Paul Fransz, Michelle Rönspies, Steven Dreissig, Jörg Fuchs, Stefan Heckmann, Andreas Houben and Holger Puchta ()
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Carla Schmidt: Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Paul Fransz: University of Amsterdam
Michelle Rönspies: Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Steven Dreissig: Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
Jörg Fuchs: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
Stefan Heckmann: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
Andreas Houben: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
Holger Puchta: Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Chromosomal inversions are recurrent rearrangements that occur between different plant isolates or cultivars. Such inversions may underlie reproductive isolation in evolution and represent a major obstacle for classical breeding as no crossovers can be observed between inverted sequences on homologous chromosomes. The heterochromatic knob (hk4S) on chromosome 4 is the most well-known inversion of Arabidopsis. If a knob carrying accession such as Col-0 is crossed with a knob-less accession such as Ler-1, crossovers cannot be recovered within the inverted region. Our work shows that by egg-cell specific expression of the Cas9 nuclease from Staphylococcus aureus, a targeted reversal of the 1.1 Mb long hk4S-inversion can be achieved. By crossing Col-0 harbouring the rearranged chromosome 4 with Ler-1, meiotic crossovers can be restored into a region with previously no detectable genetic exchange. The strategy of somatic chromosome engineering for breaking genetic linkage has huge potential for application in plant breeding.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18277-z

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