Seafloor evidence for pre-shield volcanism above the Tristan da Cunha mantle plume

Wolfram H. Geissler (), Paul Wintersteller, Marcia Maia, Tonke Strack, Janina Kammann, Graeme Eagles, Marion Jegen, Antje Schloemer and Wilfried Jokat
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Wolfram H. Geissler: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
Paul Wintersteller: University of Bremen
Marcia Maia: CNRS-UBO Laboratoire Domaines Océaniques, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer
Tonke Strack: University of Bremen
Janina Kammann: København Universitet
Graeme Eagles: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
Marion Jegen: GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre of Ocean Research Kiel
Antje Schloemer: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
Wilfried Jokat: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Tristan da Cunha is assumed to be the youngest subaerial expression of the Walvis Ridge hot spot. Based on new hydroacoustic data, we propose that the most recent hot spot volcanic activity occurs west of the island. We surveyed relatively young intraplate volcanic fields and scattered, probably monogenetic, submarine volcanoes with multibeam echosounders and sub-bottom profilers. Structural and zonal GIS analysis of bathymetric and backscatter results, based on habitat mapping algorithms to discriminate seafloor features, revealed numerous previously-unknown volcanic structures. South of Tristan da Cunha, we discovered two large seamounts. One of them, Isolde Seamount, is most likely the source of a 2004 submarine eruption known from a pumice stranding event and seismological analysis. An oceanic core complex, identified at the intersection of the Tristan da Cunha Transform and Fracture Zone System with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, might indicate reduced magma supply and, therefore, weak plume-ridge interaction at present times.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18361-4

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