Genome biology of the paleotetraploid perennial biomass crop Miscanthus

Therese Mitros, Adam M. Session, Brandon T. James, Guohong Albert Wu, Mohammad B. Belaffif, Lindsay V. Clark, Shengqiang Shu, Hongxu Dong, Adam Barling, Jessica R. Holmes, Jessica E. Mattick, Jessen V. Bredeson, Siyao Liu, Kerrie Farrar, Katarzyna Głowacka, Stanisław Jeżowski, Kerrie Barry, Won Byoung Chae, John A. Juvik, Justin Gifford, Adebosola Oladeinde, Toshihiko Yamada, Jane Grimwood, Nicholas H. Putnam, Jose Vega, Susanne Barth, Manfred Klaas, Trevor Hodkinson, Laigeng Li, Xiaoli Jin, Junhua Peng, Chang Yeon Yu, Kweon Heo, Ji Hye Yoo, Bimal Kumar Ghimire, Iain S. Donnison, Jeremy Schmutz, Matthew E. Hudson, Erik J. Sacks, Stephen P. Moose, Kankshita Swaminathan () and Daniel S. Rokhsar ()
Additional contact information
Therese Mitros: University of California
Adam M. Session: University of California
Brandon T. James: University of Illinois
Guohong Albert Wu: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Mohammad B. Belaffif: University of Illinois
Lindsay V. Clark: University of Illinois
Shengqiang Shu: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Hongxu Dong: University of Illinois
Adam Barling: University of Illinois
Jessica R. Holmes: University of Illinois
Jessica E. Mattick: University of Illinois
Jessen V. Bredeson: University of California
Siyao Liu: University of Illinois
Kerrie Farrar: Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan
Katarzyna Głowacka: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences
Stanisław Jeżowski: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences
Kerrie Barry: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Won Byoung Chae: University of Illinois
John A. Juvik: University of Illinois
Justin Gifford: University of Illinois
Adebosola Oladeinde: University of Illinois
Toshihiko Yamada: Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere
Jane Grimwood: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Nicholas H. Putnam: Dovetail Genomics
Jose Vega: Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park Innovation Centre
Susanne Barth: Oak Park Research Centre
Manfred Klaas: Oak Park Research Centre
Trevor Hodkinson: The University of Dublin
Laigeng Li: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaoli Jin: Zhejiang University
Junhua Peng: HuaZhi Rice Biotech Company
Chang Yeon Yu: Kangwon National University
Kweon Heo: Kangwon National University
Ji Hye Yoo: Kangwon National University
Bimal Kumar Ghimire: Konkuk University
Iain S. Donnison: Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan
Jeremy Schmutz: U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
Matthew E. Hudson: University of Illinois
Erik J. Sacks: University of Illinois
Stephen P. Moose: University of Illinois
Kankshita Swaminathan: University of Illinois
Daniel S. Rokhsar: University of California

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Miscanthus is a perennial wild grass that is of global importance for paper production, roofing, horticultural plantings, and an emerging highly productive temperate biomass crop. We report a chromosome-scale assembly of the paleotetraploid M. sinensis genome, providing a resource for Miscanthus that links its chromosomes to the related diploid Sorghum and complex polyploid sugarcanes. The asymmetric distribution of transposons across the two homoeologous subgenomes proves Miscanthus paleo-allotetraploidy and identifies several balanced reciprocal homoeologous exchanges. Analysis of M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus populations demonstrates extensive interspecific admixture and hybridization, and documents the origin of the highly productive triploid bioenergy crop M. × giganteus. Transcriptional profiling of leaves, stem, and rhizomes over growing seasons provides insight into rhizome development and nutrient recycling, processes critical for sustainable biomass accumulation in a perennial temperate grass. The Miscanthus genome expands the power of comparative genomics to understand traits of importance to Andropogoneae grasses.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18923-6

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