Roll-to-roll gravure-printed flexible perovskite solar cells using eco-friendly antisolvent bathing with wide processing window

Young Yun Kim, Tae-Youl Yang, Riikka Suhonen, Antti Kemppainen, Kyeongil Hwang, Nam Joong Jeon and Jangwon Seo ()
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Young Yun Kim: Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
Tae-Youl Yang: Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
Riikka Suhonen: Printed electronics processing, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Antti Kemppainen: Printed electronics processing, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Kyeongil Hwang: Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
Nam Joong Jeon: Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
Jangwon Seo: Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Driven by recent improvements in efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), upscaling of PSCs has come to be regarded as the next step. Specifically, a high-throughput, low-cost roll-to-roll (R2R) processes would be a breakthrough to realize the commercialization of PSCs, with uniform formation of precursor wet film and complete conversion to perovskite phase via R2R-compatible processes necessary to accomplish this goal. Herein, we demonstrate the pilot-scale, fully R2R manufacturing of all the layers except for electrodes in PSCs. Tert-butyl alcohol (tBuOH) is introduced as an eco-friendly antisolvent with a wide processing window. Highly crystalline, uniform formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite formation via tBuOH:EA bathing was confirmed by achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.5% for glass-based spin-coated PSCs, and 19.1% for gravure-printed flexible PSCs. As an extended work, R2R gravure-printing and tBuOH:EA bathing resulted in the highest PCE reported for R2R-processed PSCs, 16.7% for PSCs with R2R-processed SnO2/FA-perovskite, and 13.8% for fully R2R-produced PSCs.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18940-5

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