Whole blood immunophenotyping uncovers immature neutrophil-to-VD2 T-cell ratio as an early marker for severe COVID-19

Guillaume Carissimo (), Weili Xu, Immanuel Kwok, Mohammad Yazid Abdad, Yi-Hao Chan, Siew-Wai Fong, Kia Joo Puan, Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee, Nicholas Kim-Wah Yeo, Siti Naqiah Amrun, Rhonda Sin-Ling Chee, Wilson How, Stephrene Chan, Bingwen Eugene Fan, Anand Kumar Andiappan, Bernett Lee, Olaf Rötzschke, Barnaby Edward Young, Yee-Sin Leo, David Chien Lye, Laurent Renia, Lai Guan Ng, Anis Larbi and Lisa FP Ng ()
Additional contact information
Guillaume Carissimo: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Weili Xu: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Immanuel Kwok: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Mohammad Yazid Abdad: National Centre for Infectious Diseases
Yi-Hao Chan: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Siew-Wai Fong: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Kia Joo Puan: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Nicholas Kim-Wah Yeo: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Siti Naqiah Amrun: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Rhonda Sin-Ling Chee: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Wilson How: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Stephrene Chan: Tan Tock Seng Hospital
Bingwen Eugene Fan: Tan Tock Seng Hospital
Anand Kumar Andiappan: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Bernett Lee: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Olaf Rötzschke: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Barnaby Edward Young: National Centre for Infectious Diseases
Yee-Sin Leo: National Centre for Infectious Diseases
David Chien Lye: National Centre for Infectious Diseases
Laurent Renia: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Lai Guan Ng: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Anis Larbi: Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos
Lisa FP Ng: Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is the novel coronavirus responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Severe complications are observed only in a small proportion of infected patients but the cellular mechanisms underlying this progression are still unknown. Comprehensive flow cytometry of whole blood samples from 54 COVID-19 patients reveals a dramatic increase in the number of immature neutrophils. This increase strongly correlates with disease severity and is associated with elevated IL-6 and IP-10 levels, two key players in the cytokine storm. The most pronounced decrease in cell counts is observed for CD8 T-cells and VD2 γδ T-cells, which both exhibit increased differentiation and activation. ROC analysis reveals that the count ratio of immature neutrophils to VD2 (or CD8) T-cells predicts pneumonia onset (0.9071) as well as hypoxia onset (0.8908) with high sensitivity and specificity. It would thus be a useful prognostic marker for preventive patient management and improved healthcare resource management.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19080-6

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