Exponentially-enhanced quantum sensing with non-Hermitian lattice dynamics

Alexander McDonald () and Aashish A. Clerk
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Alexander McDonald: University of Chicago
Aashish A. Clerk: University of Chicago

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Non-Hermitian systems exhibit markedly different phenomena than their conventional Hermitian counterparts. Several such features, such as the non-Hermitian skin effect, are only present in spatially extended systems. Potential applications of these effects in many-mode systems however remains largely unexplored. Here, we study how unique features of non-Hermitian lattice systems can be harnessed to improve Hamiltonian parameter estimation in a fully quantum setting. While the quintessential non-Hermitian skin effect does not provide any distinct advantage, alternate effects yield dramatic enhancements. We show that certain asymmetric non-Hermitian tight-binding models with a $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ Z 2 symmetry yield a pronounced sensing advantage: the quantum Fisher information per photon increases exponentially with system size. We find that these advantages persist in regimes where non-Markovian and non-perturbative effects become important. Our setup is directly compatible with a variety of quantum optical and superconducting circuit platforms, and already yields strong enhancements with as few as three lattice sites.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19090-4

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