Voltage-driven motion of nitrogen ions: a new paradigm for magneto-ionics

Julius Rojas, Alberto Quintana, Aitor Lopeandía, Joaquín Salguero, Beatriz Muñiz, Fatima Ibrahim, Mairbek Chshiev, Aliona Nicolenco, Maciej O. Liedke, Maik Butterling, Andreas Wagner, Veronica Sireus, Llibertat Abad, Christopher J. Jensen, Kai Liu, Josep Nogués, José L. Costa-Krämer, Enric Menéndez () and Jordi Sort ()
Additional contact information
Julius Rojas: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Alberto Quintana: Georgetown University
Aitor Lopeandía: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Joaquín Salguero: IMN-Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos
Beatriz Muñiz: IMN-Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos
Fatima Ibrahim: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Spintec
Mairbek Chshiev: Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Spintec
Aliona Nicolenco: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Maciej O. Liedke: Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf
Maik Butterling: Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf
Andreas Wagner: Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf
Veronica Sireus: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Llibertat Abad: Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB
Christopher J. Jensen: Georgetown University
Kai Liu: Georgetown University
Josep Nogués: Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra
José L. Costa-Krämer: IMN-Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos
Enric Menéndez: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Jordi Sort: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Magneto-ionics, understood as voltage-driven ion transport in magnetic materials, has largely relied on controlled migration of oxygen ions. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature voltage-driven nitrogen transport (i.e., nitrogen magneto-ionics) by electrolyte-gating of a CoN film. Nitrogen magneto-ionics in CoN is compared to oxygen magneto-ionics in Co3O4. Both materials are nanocrystalline (face-centered cubic structure) and show reversible voltage-driven ON-OFF ferromagnetism. In contrast to oxygen, nitrogen transport occurs uniformly creating a plane-wave-like migration front, without assistance of diffusion channels. Remarkably, nitrogen magneto-ionics requires lower threshold voltages and exhibits enhanced rates and cyclability. This is due to the lower activation energy for ion diffusion and the lower electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen. These results may open new avenues in applications such as brain-inspired computing or iontronics in general.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19758-x

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