Edge-oriented and steerable hyperbolic polaritons in anisotropic van der Waals nanocavities

Zhigao Dai, Guangwei Hu, Guangyuan Si, Qingdong Ou, Qing Zhang, Sivacarendran Balendhran, Fahmida Rahman, Bao Yue Zhang, Jian Zhen Ou, Guogang Li, Andrea Alù, Cheng-Wei Qiu () and Qiaoliang Bao ()
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Zhigao Dai: China University of Geosciences
Guangwei Hu: National University of Singapore
Guangyuan Si: Northeastern University
Qingdong Ou: Monash University
Qing Zhang: National University of Singapore
Sivacarendran Balendhran: The University of Melbourne
Fahmida Rahman: RMIT University
Bao Yue Zhang: RMIT University
Jian Zhen Ou: RMIT University
Guogang Li: China University of Geosciences
Andrea Alù: City University of New York
Cheng-Wei Qiu: National University of Singapore
Qiaoliang Bao: Monash University

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Highly confined and low-loss polaritons are known to propagate isotropically over graphene and hexagonal boron nitride in the plane, leaving limited degrees of freedom in manipulating light at the nanoscale. The emerging family of biaxial van der Waals materials, such as α-MoO3 and V2O5, support exotic polariton propagation, as their auxiliary optical axis is in the plane. Here, exploiting this strong in-plane anisotropy, we report edge-tailored hyperbolic polaritons in patterned α-MoO3 nanocavities via real-space nanoimaging. We find that the angle between the edge orientation and the crystallographic direction significantly affects the optical response, and can serve as a key tuning parameter in tailoring the polaritonic patterns. By shaping α-MoO3 nanocavities with different geometries, we observe edge-oriented and steerable hyperbolic polaritons as well as forbidden zones where the polaritons detour. The lifetime and figure of merit of the hyperbolic polaritons can be regulated by the edge aspect ratio of nanocavity.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19913-4

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