Excess forest mortality is consistently linked to drought across Europe

Cornelius Senf (), Allan Buras, Christian S. Zang, Anja Rammig and Rupert Seidl
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Cornelius Senf: Technical University of Munich
Allan Buras: Technical University of Munich
Christian S. Zang: Technical University of Munich
Anja Rammig: Technical University of Munich
Rupert Seidl: Technical University of Munich

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Pulses of tree mortality caused by drought have been reported recently in forests around the globe, but large-scale quantitative evidence is lacking for Europe. Analyzing high-resolution annual satellite-based canopy mortality maps from 1987 to 2016 we here show that excess forest mortality (i.e., canopy mortality exceeding the long-term mortality trend) is significantly related to drought across continental Europe. The relationship between water availability and mortality showed threshold behavior, with excess mortality increasing steeply when the integrated climatic water balance from March to July fell below −1.6 standard deviations of its long-term average. For −3.0 standard deviations the probability of excess canopy mortality was 91.6% (83.8–97.5%). Overall, drought caused approximately 500,000 ha of excess forest mortality between 1987 and 2016 in Europe. We here provide evidence that drought is an important driver of tree mortality at the continental scale, and suggest that a future increase in drought could trigger widespread tree mortality in Europe.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19924-1

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