In situ differentiation of iridophore crystallotypes underlies zebrafish stripe patterning

Dvir Gur, Emily J. Bain, Kory R. Johnson, Andy J. Aman, H. Amalia Pasolli, Jessica D. Flynn, Michael C. Allen, Dimitri D. Deheyn, Jennifer C. Lee, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz () and David M. Parichy ()
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Dvir Gur: HHMI Janelia Research Campus
Emily J. Bain: University of Virginia
Kory R. Johnson: National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, NIH
Andy J. Aman: University of Virginia
H. Amalia Pasolli: HHMI Janelia Research Campus
Jessica D. Flynn: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH
Michael C. Allen: University of California, San Diego
Dimitri D. Deheyn: University of California, San Diego
Jennifer C. Lee: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH
Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz: HHMI Janelia Research Campus
David M. Parichy: University of Virginia

Nature Communications, 2020, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Skin color patterns are ubiquitous in nature, impact social behavior, predator avoidance, and protection from ultraviolet irradiation. A leading model system for vertebrate skin patterning is the zebrafish; its alternating blue stripes and yellow interstripes depend on light-reflecting cells called iridophores. It was suggested that the zebrafish’s color pattern arises from a single type of iridophore migrating differentially to stripes and interstripes. However, here we find that iridophores do not migrate between stripes and interstripes but instead differentiate and proliferate in-place, based on their micro-environment. RNA-sequencing analysis further reveals that stripe and interstripe iridophores have different transcriptomic states, while cryogenic-scanning-electron-microscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction identify different crystal-arrays architectures, indicating that stripe and interstripe iridophores are different cell types. Based on these results, we present an alternative model of skin patterning in zebrafish in which distinct iridophore crystallotypes containing specialized, physiologically responsive, organelles arise in stripe and interstripe by in-situ differentiation.

Date: 2020
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20088-1

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