Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 convalescent blood using a coronavirus antigen microarray

Rafael R. Assis, Aarti Jain, Rie Nakajima, Algis Jasinskas, Jiin Felgner, Joshua M. Obiero, Philip J. Norris, Mars Stone, Graham Simmons, Anil Bagri, Johannes Irsch, Martin Schreiber, Andreas Buser, Andreas Holbro, Manuel Battegay, Philip Hosimer, Charles Noesen, Oluwasanmi Adenaiye, Sheldon Tai, Filbert Hong, Donald K. Milton, D. Huw Davies, Paul Contestable, Laurence M. Corash, Michael P. Busch, Philip L. Felgner and Saahir Khan ()
Additional contact information
Rafael R. Assis: University of California
Aarti Jain: University of California
Rie Nakajima: University of California
Algis Jasinskas: University of California
Jiin Felgner: University of California
Joshua M. Obiero: University of California
Philip J. Norris: Vitalant Research Institute
Mars Stone: Vitalant Research Institute
Graham Simmons: Vitalant Research Institute
Anil Bagri: Cerus Corporation
Johannes Irsch: Cerus Corporation
Martin Schreiber: Oregon Health & Science University
Andreas Buser: University Hospital Basel, University of Basel
Andreas Holbro: Oregon Health & Science University
Manuel Battegay: University Hospital Basel, University of Basel
Philip Hosimer: Ortho Clinical Diagnostics
Charles Noesen: Ortho Clinical Diagnostics
Oluwasanmi Adenaiye: University of Maryland
Sheldon Tai: University of Maryland
Filbert Hong: University of Maryland
Donald K. Milton: University of Maryland
D. Huw Davies: University of California
Paul Contestable: Ortho Clinical Diagnostics
Laurence M. Corash: Cerus Corporation
Michael P. Busch: Vitalant Research Institute
Philip L. Felgner: University of California
Saahir Khan: University of Southern California

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The current practice for diagnosis of COVID-19, based on SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing of pharyngeal or respiratory specimens in a symptomatic patient at high epidemiologic risk, likely underestimates the true prevalence of infection. Serologic methods can more accurately estimate the disease burden by detecting infections missed by the limited testing performed to date. Here, we describe the validation of a coronavirus antigen microarray containing immunologically significant antigens from SARS-CoV-2, in addition to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, common human coronavirus strains, and other common respiratory viruses. A comparison of antibody profiles detected on the array from control sera collected prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic versus convalescent blood specimens from virologically confirmed COVID-19 cases demonstrates near complete discrimination of these two groups, with improved performance from use of antigen combinations that include both spike protein and nucleoprotein. This array can be used as a diagnostic tool, as an epidemiologic tool to more accurately estimate the disease burden of COVID-19, and as a research tool to correlate antibody responses with clinical outcomes.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20095-2

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